Carburetor

 

Carburetors is a device that mixes air and fuel for an internal combustion engine. Carburetors are still used in small engines and in old cars or as they are designed specifically for stock car racing. Most cars produced in the early 1980s has been using computerized electronic fuel injection. The majority of motorcycles still use carburetors because lighter and cheaper, but in 2005 many new models are introduced with fuel injection.

Carburetors were first discovered by Karl Benz in 1885 and patented in 1886. In 1893 the Hungarian engineer named János Csonka nationality and Banki Donat also design a similar tool. Was Frederick William Lanchester of Birmingham, England who first experimented using the carburetor on the car. In 1896 Frederick and his brother built the first car that uses gasoline in the United Kingdom, single-cylinder-powered 5 hp (4 kW), and an internal combustion engine (internal combustion). Not satisfied with the final results obtained, mainly due to the small power generated, they rebuilt the machine, this time they use a two cylinder horizontally and also redesign their carburetors. This time they were able to complete the tour cars along the 1,000 miles (1600 km) in 1900. This is a step forward in the field of automotive carburetors use

Commonly used for automobile carburetor made gasoline until the late 1980s. After a lot of electronic controls used in automobiles, use of carburetor is being replaced by fuel injection systems because they are more easily integrated with other systems to achieve fuel efficiency.

Working principle, basically carburetor work using Bernoulli's principle: the faster air moves, the smaller its static pressure, but the higher its dynamic pressure. Gas pedal on the car actually does not directly control the magnitude of the flow of fuel into the combustion chamber. Gas pedal is actually controlling the valve in the carburetor to determine the amount of air that can flow into the combustion chamber. The air is moving in the carburetor that has the pressure to attract and fuel into the combustion chamber.

Most machines have had only one carburetor carburetor, but there also uses one carburetor for each cylinder owned. Even become a trend in Indonesia motorcycle modification of multi-use carbu (many carburetors) but this is usually only used as decoration without any technical function. Early generation machines use a carburetor upward flow (updraft), where the air enters through the bottom of the carburetor and then out through the top. The advantage of this design is that it can avoid flooding the engine, because the excess liquid fuel will spill out directly and not through the carburetor into the intake mainfold; Another advantage is the bottom of the carburetor may be connected with the oil line so that there is little oil to go into the air flow and used to wash the air filter; but using air filters made of paper using the washing of this oil is no longer needed today.

Beginning in the late 1930s, the flow carburetor down (downdraft) and flow laterally (sidedraft) began popouler used for automotive. (source)